entity Updated 2026-07-12 Tags: Person, Economist, Survey-Research, Financial-Literacy

Carly Urban

Carly Urban appears in New study reveals a "smartphone penalty" that distorts survey results as the economist interviewed about whether smartphones are distorting financial-knowledge survey results. She frames the reported decline in U.S. financial literacy as a measurement question: before treating the decline as a pure knowledge drop, researchers need to account for the shift from desktop survey-taking to phone survey-taking.

Urban’s contribution is the experimental evidence behind Smartphone Survey Penalty. By using the Understanding America Study to assign respondents to smartphone or non-smartphone modes, her team tested whether device type itself changed knowledge-question performance.

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