Neville Chamberlain / 张伯伦

Neville Chamberlain / 张伯伦 appears in 激发动物精神，创造更多机会 as a bounded example of economic and industrial policy rather than as a full political biography. 周洛华 says Chamberlain’s political judgment had major problems, but uses him to discuss equipment replacement and aircraft manufacturing before the Second World War.

The source’s point is that policy can create opportunity without preserving old firms. In Zhou’s example, replacement incentives let capable and risk-taking entrepreneurs adopt advanced equipment while less willing incumbents were forced out, making the case part of Opportunity-Generating Decentralization / 创造机会的去中心化 and Risk-Cost Separation / 风险与成本分离.

Connections

• Opportunity-Generating Decentralization / 创造机会的去中心化 - policy as opportunity and selection mechanism.
• Risk-Cost Separation / 风险与成本分离 - cost pressure can induce technical upgrading when risk remains manageable.
• Animal Spirits Opportunity Activation / 动物精神与机会激活 - broader episode frame around creating action capacity.