司马光 / Sima Guang

Sima Guang appears in 105.苏东坡：一腔豪迈之气，一肚皮不合时宜 as a leading old-party figure after [[SongShenzong|宋神宗]]’s death and the political reversal against [[WangAnshi|王安石]]’s reforms. The episode uses him to show that [[SuShi|苏轼]] was often counted as old party but did not become a faction loyalist.

When Sima Guang and the old party returned to power, Su Shi objected to indiscriminate suppression of new-party measures and people. That makes Sima Guang important to the source’s Conscience Over Faction / 良知高于党派 frame: Su Shi’s standard is not whether “his side” wins, but whether policy and punishment remain answerable to public need and conscience.

Connections

• [[SuShi|苏轼 / 苏东坡]] - old-party-associated official who still criticizes old-party retaliation.
• [[WangAnshi|王安石]], [[WangAnshiReforms|王安石变法]], and [[SongFactionalPolitics|宋代党争]] - conflict field.
• [[NorthernSong|北宋]] - historical setting.
• Conscience Over Faction / 良知高于党派 - main interpretive use in the source.