魏国 / Wei State
《资治通鉴·周纪》04｜豫让 为智瑶复仇 adds Wei’s pre-rise legitimacy branch. Wei participates with Han and Zhao in dividing 智瑶’s territory, and 魏斯 / 魏文侯 is later named as one of the three Jin leaders formally recognized by 周威烈王. The episode also previews Wei Wenhou as the strongest and most prestigious of the three recognized leaders.
《资治通鉴·周纪》05｜光彩夺目的魏文侯（1） explains that prestige through ruler conduct. Under 魏文侯, Wei becomes attractive to scholars and worthy people through 礼贤下士式人才吸附, builds credibility through 小信诚则大信立, and gains Han-Zhao trust through 对称外交信用.
《资治通鉴·周纪》06丨魏文侯选谁当宰相呢（1） adds Wei’s internal personnel-selection branch. 魏文侯 asks 李克 to help choose between 魏成 and 翟黄, making Wei a case where early state strength depends on character testing and referral quality as well as battlefield command.
魏国 / Wei State appears in 《资治通鉴·周纪》06丨魏文侯选谁当宰相呢（2） through the episode title’s 魏文侯 frame and through 吴起’s military effectiveness. The source says Wei became one of the fastest-rising strong states in the early 战国时期 because of Wu Qi’s command.
In this page, Wei is not yet a full institutional history. Its wiki role is to host the episode’s claim that a state can convert discipline, training load, commander credibility, and morale into interstate power.
《资治通鉴·周纪》07丨两起刺杀（1） adds Wei to two new early 周安王 threads: 秦国 attacks Wei in 401 BCE, and 王应麟 later reads the Guo mountain landslide as a Natural Disaster Political Omen / 自然灾害政治征兆 for Wei’s eventual disaster.
《资治通鉴·周纪》07丨两起刺杀（2） adds the death of 魏文侯 and accession of 魏武侯, turning Wei from a military-rise case into a succession case as well.
《资治通鉴·周纪》08丨一代名将吴起惨死（1） turns that succession into an internal-governance problem. 魏武侯 praises West River terrain, but 吴起 argues for Virtue Over Natural Barriers / 德胜地险. The chancellor dispute between Wu Qi and 田文, followed by 公叔’s trap, makes Wei a case where state strength depends on ruler-minister trust and transition management, not only on armies.
《资治通鉴·周纪》08丨一代名将吴起惨死（2） closes the Wei portion by having Wu Qi realize the court trap has made him unsafe. He flees to 楚国, so Wei’s branch now also explains how internal suspicion can export a talented but dangerous minister to a rival state.
《资治通鉴·周纪》08丨一代名将吴起惨死（3） adds a brief 383 BCE notice: Wei attacks 赵国 and defeats Zhao at Tutai. The episode says 《资治通鉴》 gives little motive or aftermath, but reads the event as evidence that tension within the former Jin-derived states is now visible.
《资治通鉴·周纪》09丨战国时代的世界大战 returns Wei to the center of interstate war. Wei joins Han and Zhao to rescue 燕国 from 齐国, is attacked by Zhao, fights alongside Qi against Zhao, is struck opportunistically by 楚肃王, loses control of 中山国 after 魏挚 is driven out, and finally joins Han and Zhao in ending 晋国.
《资治通鉴·周纪》10丨 以家族单位 有蚂蚁吃大象的精神（1） adds a 372 BCE Zhao-Wei exchange: 赵国 takes seventy-three “du-bi” settlements from Wei, but Wei defeats Zhao at Beiling. The episode uses the wording to caution that the captured places were not seventy-three major cities.
《资治通鉴·周纪》10丨 以家族单位 有蚂蚁吃大象的精神（2） adds Wei’s next cluster of pressure: in 371 BCE Wei attacks 楚国 and takes Luyang, then after 魏武侯 dies the unclear succession between 魏罃 and 公中缓 creates internal disorder. The same source later notes Wei defeating 赵国 at Huai.
《资治通鉴·周纪》10丨 以家族单位 有蚂蚁吃大象的精神（3） shows that the succession disorder nearly destroys Wei. 韩国 and 赵国 defeat Wei at 浊泽之战 and besiege 安邑, but Wei survives because the victors split over whether to partition the state or install 公中缓 under land concessions. 魏罃 then kills Gongzhong Huan and consolidates rule.
《资治通鉴·周纪》11丨 世界风起云涌（1） shows the immediate aftermath of that survival. 齐国 attacks Wei in 368 BCE, and 魏罃 / 梁惠王 seeks peace to stabilize internal rule. Wei then joins 韩国 against 秦国 but loses at Luoyang Jinjiao, attacks 宋国 in 365 BCE, and faces continued Qin attack at Shaoliang in 363 BCE.
《资治通鉴·周纪》11丨 世界风起云涌（2） extends the same pressure into 362 BCE. Wei defeats 韩国 and 赵国 at Hui, then loses to 秦国 at 少梁, where a Wei figure rendered as 公孙措 / 公叔痤 is captured. The episode reads this as a puzzling Three Jin pattern: Wei can still fight former Jin-derived rivals even when the western Qin threat remains obvious.
《资治通鉴·周纪》12丨 公孙鞅求职路上的拉关系 走后门 turns Wei’s pressure into a talent-retention failure. 公叔痤 recognizes 公孙鞅 / 商鞅 and warns 魏惠王 / 梁惠王 either to use him or kill him, but Wei does neither. Shang Yang’s later Qin career therefore becomes an exported-risk case: a state that ignores a dangerous talent can lose him to the rival already applying pressure.
《资治通鉴·周纪》14丨齐威王 不鸣则已一鸣惊人 adds Wei’s 358-357 BCE defensive-diplomatic response. After Qin defeats Han at West Mountain, 魏惠王 sends 龙甲 west to build a wall, making 魏长城防秦 a concrete extension of Qin eastward pressure. The next year, Wei and Han hold a high-level meeting, probably between Liang Hui Wang and 韩昭侯.
《资治通鉴·周纪》15丨酒不醇引发的世界大战 adds Wei at a hinge between display, diplomacy, and war. 魏惠王 first contrasts himself with 齐威王 by boasting about luminous pearls; he then meets 秦孝公 at Duping in a negotiation the episode treats as unsuccessful because Qin soon defeats Wei at Yuanli and occupies 少梁. The same source makes Wei’s later siege of 邯郸 an opportunistic reading of Chu’s distraction inside 鲁酒薄而邯郸围.
《资治通鉴·周纪》16丨孙膑庞涓恩怨纠葛 桂陵之战 adds Wei as both oppressor and vulnerable target. 庞涓 serves Wei and traps 孙膑 there, while the Wei army’s siege of 邯郸 leaves 大梁 exposed to Qi’s 围魏救赵 plan and defeat at 桂陵之战.
《资治通鉴·周纪》17丨韩昭侯和申不害 shows Wei reacting to the aftermath of that pressure. 公孙鞅 / 商鞅 attacks Wei at 安邑 and 固阳, while coalition pressure around 襄陵 keeps the eastern front unstable. 魏惠王 returns 邯郸 to 赵国 and joins the 漳水之盟, making reconciliation with former enemies a response to Qin pressure.
《资治通鉴·周纪》19丨马陵之战 returns Wei to the eastern war field. 庞涓 attacks 韩国, but 齐国’s delayed intervention toward 大梁 forces him to leave the Han front. Wei then raises additional troops under 太子申, making the campaign a case of both battlefield overconfidence and crown-prince command risk.
《资治通鉴·周纪》20丨庞涓死此树下 completes that eastern-war failure. 庞涓 misreads 孙膑’s reduced-stove deception, abandons the slower main force, and dies in the Maling ambush. Wei’s army then falls into disorder, Qi captures 太子申, and the episode frames the loss as a major blow after which Wei’s power declines sharply.
《资治通鉴·周纪》22丨公孙鞅诈魏公子卬 follows that decline onto the western front in 340 BCE. 公孙鞅 / 商鞅 argues that Wei is now vulnerable enough for Qin to attack, and 魏惠王 sends another royal-family commander, 公子卬 / 公子昂, to respond. Gongzi Ang’s capture by 和谈诱捕 turns Wei’s military problem into command vulnerability: after losing 太子申 at Maling, Wei again exposes a high-status family member to battlefield consequences.
《资治通鉴·周纪》23丨魏惠王 悔不用公叔之言 gives the material consequence. Qin breaks Wei after Gongzi Ang is taken, Wei cedes Hexi, 魏惠王 leaves 安邑 for 大梁, and the king regrets ignoring 公叔痤’s advice. The same source also makes Wei’s later refusal to admit Shang Yang a credibility verdict on the original deception.
《资治通鉴·周纪》27丨围观魏惠王和齐威王是咋商业互捧 adds Wei’s eastern diplomatic repair after 马陵之战. 魏惠王 / 梁惠王 wants revenge against 齐国, but 惠施 argues for low-posture statecraft instead. By proposing 齐威王’s kingly title and accepting reciprocal recognition at 徐州相王, Wei trades immediate pride for face-saving strategic room.
《资治通鉴·周纪》28丨韩昭侯的快乐你想象不到 shows that Wei’s low posture can externalize risk. 楚威王 attacks Qi after the title exchange, while Wei stands aside despite being the other party to 徐州相王. The episode therefore treats Wei’s tactic as effective for breathing room but costly to Qi through 名分秩序反弹.
《资治通鉴·周纪》29丨苏秦励志爽文：知识改变命运 makes that non-rescue explicit: Wei had wanted Chu to pressure Qi and therefore has little reason to save Qi from the backlash. The same source also records a compact Wei succession notice, with 魏成侯 dying and 魏平侯 succeeding.
《资治通鉴·周纪》31丨合纵连横 围殴秦 returns Wei to the western-pressure line. Qin attacks Wei, defeats more than forty thousand troops, captures 龙甲, and takes Diaoyin. The episode uses Wei’s defeat as the event that threatens 苏秦’s 合纵 schedule before the coalition is built.
《资治通鉴·周纪》32丨“史上首位联合国秘书长”苏秦 moves Wei from the timing problem to the persuasion circuit. Su Qin’s Wei pitch includes a large army list with different infantry categories, chariots, and cavalry. The host warns that the figures may be inflated, but reads the list as evidence for Warring States military transformation: chariot warfare is no longer the center, infantry scale has grown, and cavalry is present but not yet dominant.
《资治通鉴·周纪》34丨秦国总理如何玩转六国 shows how fragile that position remains once Qin resumes pressure. Wei is maneuvered into anti-Zhao action with 齐国, then seeks peace with 秦国 by ceding 殷晋. Qin later presses 焦邑 and 曲沃, receives 少梁 and 河西 land, and finally turns the returned 蒲阳 into the loss of 上郡’s fifteen counties through 张仪’s 欲擒故纵式让利外交.
《资治通鉴·周纪》35丨历史上第一骑兵教父是他？ qualifies that pressure by showing Qin giving some land back. The episode says 秦国 returns 焦邑 and 曲沃 to Wei, but reads the move as 张仪’s “半拉半打” strategy rather than a clean reversal of Qin expansion. Wei is still being managed through bilateral pressure and reassurance.
《资治通鉴·周纪》36丨卫嗣君的帝王之术 gives Wei two scenes as the larger neighbor of 卫国. 魏惠王 / 梁惠王 initially refuses to return 卫嗣君’s escaped prisoner, then returns him after hearing the 治无小乱无大 argument. The 《战国策》 supplement also has 武夏 press Wei Hui Wang to receive a Wey envoy by comparing the neglect to Wei’s need to maintain relations with 秦国.
《资治通鉴·周纪》37丨苏秦：六国集团CEO的不堪情史 returns Wei to the center of strategist movement. 张仪 attacks Wei for 秦国 and takes 陕城, but the episode also says 犀首公孙衍 has left Qin for Wei and begins contacting the lords for anti-Qin alliance work. After the 啮桑 meeting, Zhang Yi himself comes to Wei as chief minister, turning Wei into the court where rival Qin-facing and anti-Qin strategies overlap.
《资治通鉴·周纪》38丨搞兼职的张仪不一般 explains why that overlap is so unstable. 张仪 asks Wei to lead other states in serving Qin; when 魏惠王 / 梁惠王 refuses, 秦国 attacks and takes 曲沃 and 平州. The episode also asks why Wei would trust Zhang Yi and 犀首公孙衍 at all, answering that weakened Wei may need mobile specialists who know Qin even if their personal alignments are unclear. Wei therefore becomes the test case for 乱世职业经理人式流动.
《资治通鉴·周纪》39丨历史上张仪是怎样怒怼强敌的 turns that instability inward. Zhang Yi and 惠施 / 惠师 compete over Wei’s grand alignment: Zhang Yi pushes a Qin-Han-Wei attack on Qi and Chu, while Hui Shi urges a Qi-Chu line and non-action. Zhang Yi wins more ministers, Hui Shi flees, and 陈枕 then finds the Wei court pre-framed against him. Wei is therefore not only a weak state using mobile specialists; it is also a court where those specialists can reshape internal factional reality.
《资治通鉴·周纪》44丨一个公司为什么不能有两位CEO？ cites Wei retrospectively through 谬刘’s warning to 韩宣惠王. The episode names Wei’s paired use of 张仪 and 犀首公孙衍 as an example of 双首长权力风险, tying the earlier Wei court-mobility branch to the danger of rival high ministers and foreign leverage.
《资治通鉴·周纪》45｜以史为鉴，君王到底该不该杀人成性？ gives Wei a succession and alliance role at the opening of 周纪三. The source says Wei lowers its title posture in 320 BCE, 魏惠王 / 梁惠王 dies in 319 BCE, and 魏襄王 succeeds. Wei also joins the 318 BCE five-state attack on Qin, but the coalition collapses at 函谷关 through 联盟自保失灵. Later in the same episode, Song Kang Wang’s expansion and final destruction include Wei as both victim and attacker.
《资治通鉴·周纪》46丨骂你是个“二百五”的历史来源 adds the military cost of that failed anti-Qin posture. The episode says 秦国 pursues Han and Wei eastward under 樗里子, and that 修鱼 becomes unavoidable because the fighting has reached central-plains terrain close to Wei’s capital space. Wei is not named as the defeated army in every detail, but it is part of the retreat and pressure field that leads Qin from Xiuyu toward 浊泽.
《资治通鉴·周纪》51丨 楚怀王：秦小儿看舅舅如何灭了你！ shows Wei as an opportunistic pressure actor during Chu’s overextension. As 楚怀王 follows 秦国 through 武关 and 商於 toward 蓝田之战, Wei and 韩国 threaten the 楚国 capital region and rear. Wei’s role is not the main campaign, but it helps make Chu’s retreat urgent.
《资治通鉴·周纪》55丨 张仪痛失贵人秦惠王 returns Wei to Zhang Yi’s final refuge. After 秦惠文王 dies, Zhang Yi persuades 秦武王 to send him to Wei on the claim that 齐国 will attack any state hosting him. Wei is then attacked by Qi, 魏襄王 becomes afraid, and Zhang Yi’s disclosure channel causes 齐宣王 to withdraw. Wei becomes the court where 以自保包装国策 and 阴谋阳谋转换 produce Zhang Yi’s final year in office.
《资治通鉴·周纪》60丨 中国第一位把持朝政的太后竟是她？ adds a 303-302 BCE reversal. Qin attacks Wei and takes 蒲阪, 阳晋, and 封陵, all treated by the episode as important Hexi-Hedong crossing points. Wei then joins 齐国 and 韩国 in attacking 楚国 after Chu moves toward Qin. Once the 芈横 hostage incident breaks Qin-Chu relations, 魏襄王 meets 秦昭襄王 and 韩婴 at 临晋, and Qin returns Puban to Wei.
《资治通鉴·周纪》68丨惊叹宋康王荒淫无度的狗血历史（1） gives Wei another land-for-peace sequel. After Wei and Han have already ceded land, 秦国 sends 白起 and 司马错 against Wei and later takes 安邑, showing why concessions do not halt 秦国东进压力. The episode also makes Wei one side of the Qin-Qi division of attention: Qin tightens pressure on Wei while Qi keeps room for the 宋国 campaign.
《资治通鉴·周纪》73丨历史上自由恋爱的开创者是谁？ adds Wei as the target of Qin’s post-anti-Qi follow-on pressure. After the anti-Qi coalition settlement leaves Qin compensated mainly by treasure, Qin attacks Wei, takes 安城, and presses toward 大梁 until Yan and Zhao return to assist Wei. The source reads Wei’s crisis as part of 联军战后利益失衡 and the longer 秦国东进压力 pattern.
《资治通鉴·周纪》82丨大秦的核武器：白起来了！ moves Wei into 魏安釐王’s accession crisis. After Qin’s Chu campaign, 白起 attacks Wei and takes two cities; the next year 魏冉 attacks twice, defeats a Han relief force, forces Wei to cede eight cities, then defeats 芒卯 and extracts further concessions. The episode reads this as Qin forcing Wei into the passage-control logic created by Chu’s strategic depth.
《资治通鉴·周纪》83丨诸侯摆烂竟成了经典计中计？ continues Wei’s failed search for room after those defeats. Wei first signals anti-Qin intent through a weak 齐国 alignment, then joins 赵国 to attack 韩国 at 华阳之战. Han’s 投敌威胁式求援 pulls Qin into the war, 芒卯 flees after defeat, and Wei’s later debate over ceding land to Qin becomes 抱薪救火式割地求和 through 苏代’s warning.
《资治通鉴·周纪》84丨防止秦国灭楚竟用这招？ makes Wei’s weakness useful in a different way. 黄歇 / 春申君 argues that Wei may appear to follow 秦国 against 楚国, but its accumulated losses and resentment make it dangerous as a route state behind 白起’s army. He also warns that Wei could profit from Qin-Chu fighting by taking territory while Qin is committed elsewhere.
《资治通鉴·周纪》88丨你怎么看待凤凰男（1） adds Wei as the court that loses 范雎. The episode says Fan Ju wants to serve the Wei ruler but lacks the money and access to do so directly, forcing him under 须贾 / 徐谷. After 齐襄王 rewards Fan Ju, Xu Jia’s suspicion and 魏齐’s violent response become a 无程序私刑 case: Wei turns an underused talent into a fugitive who can be recovered by 秦国.
《资治通鉴·周纪》90丨揭秘先秦最完美的复仇 shows the delayed cost of that lost-talent branch. Under Qin pressure, Wei sends Xu Jia to seek peace, only for Xu Jia to discover that Fan Ju now controls the Qin side of the negotiation. Fan Ju’s demand for Wei Qi’s head, backed by a threat against 大梁, turns Wei’s earlier internal violence into a diplomatic liability.
《资治通鉴·周纪》95丨长平之战后秦国为什么没有灭了赵国（1） returns Wei to the fear-of-Qin pattern after the 长平之战. Wei and 韩国 fear that if 秦国 destroys 赵国, the neighboring states will lose a barrier and face a stronger Qin. They therefore send 苏代 to persuade 范雎 that 白起’s victory at 邯郸 would threaten Fan Ju’s status.
《资治通鉴·周纪》95丨长平之战后秦国为什么没有灭了赵国（2） adds the opposite Wei-side mood before that fear matures. Wei Anxi Wang’s ministers initially argue that Qin’s attack on Zhao can benefit Wei; 孔斌 objects that Qin’s appetite and Bai Qi’s command mean Wei is watching its own future danger. This turns Wei into a case of neighbor-opportunism inside coalition failure.
《资治通鉴·周纪》96丨毛遂自荐（1） keeps Wei in the unreliable-rescuer frame during the Handan crisis. The episode says Wei would be a nearby and easy state for Zhao to ask, but also says Wei and Qi had already helped Qin take Zhao cities or otherwise failed to rescue Zhao. Wei therefore helps explain why 赵丹 / 赵孝成王 sends 平原君 to distant 楚国 instead.
《资治通鉴·周纪》96丨毛遂自荐（2） turns Wei from merely unreliable into the critical route state. 魏安釐王 sends 晋鄙 with 100,000 troops toward 赵国, but Qin’s threat makes the army halt at 邺城. Because 楚国 also needs Wei transit to reach 邯郸, Wei’s hesitation blocks both its own relief and Chu’s practical rescue path.
The same source makes 新垣衍 a Wei envoy inside Zhao’s crisis. His proposal to honor 秦昭襄王 as western emperor shows Wei converting from military relief to status-submission bargaining once direct rescue looks too dangerous.
《资治通鉴·周纪》97-1丨白起之死 records the reversal once 信陵君 bypasses that royal hesitation. Wei’s army becomes the key moving force in the relief of 邯郸, and the episode treats the success as preserving 赵国 as a barrier that also protects Wei from immediate Qin domination. This addition keeps Wei’s role double: the Wei king freezes under Qin pressure, but a Wei aristocrat’s retainer network turns Wei’s stalled army into the practical solution.
《资治通鉴·秦纪》100-1｜皇帝中的超长待机王过世了 adds Wei’s next late-Zhaoxiang posture from two directions. Upward, Wei arrives late to Qin’s “天下来宾” scene and is punished when 秦国 attacks and takes Wu City. Downward, 魏安釐王 kills 卫怀君 and installs 卫元君, making Wei both a pressured subordinate before Qin and a coercive superior over 卫国 inside 弱者向更弱者转嫁压迫.
《资治通鉴·秦纪》104｜阴谋失算让秦国版图又又又膨胀了 returns Wei to the immediate cost of not using 信陵君. Qin attacks around Juancheng near 大梁 and kills thirty thousand, while Wei Anxi Wang still prefers keeping Xinlingjun sidelined to risking his prestige. The same source makes Wei doubly exposed: 赵国 attacks Wei’s Fanyang instead of relieving it, and later Wei receives 廉颇 but also fails to trust him enough to use.
《资治通鉴·秦纪》106｜惊人发现信陵君的非正常死亡 deepens that exposed-late-Wei picture. 蒙敖 attacks Wei again in 243 BCE, 赵国 prepares against Wei rather than repaying 信陵君’s old rescue of Zhao, and the same year both 魏安釐王 and Xinlingjun die before 魏景湣王 / 魏增 succeeds. The episode’s source-scoped inference is that Xinlingjun’s earlier death may have been tied to succession security; the state-level consequence is that Wei loses the person most able to anchor 合纵 just before Qin takes more Wei cities and creates 东郡.
《资治通鉴·秦纪》107｜最后一次合纵伐秦 伐了个寂寞 keeps Wei in the coalition field but shows the limits of that status. Wei appears in both the Chunshenjun-led and Pang Nuan-led traditions of the final anti-Qin 合纵, yet neither account gives the coalition a durable gain from 秦国. The follow-up notices continue Wei’s losses: Qin attacks Wei and takes Ji in 240 BCE, and Wei gives Ye to 赵国 in 239 BCE.
《资治通鉴·秦纪》111-1｜偌大的赵国竟亡于一个妓女之手 returns to that Ye transfer as background for the 236 BCE Qin-Zhao campaign. The host reads Wei giving 邺城 to Zhao as a pressure-transfer tactic: after repeated Qin attacks, Wei tries to make Zhao absorb part of the danger, comparable to 冯亭 offering 上党 to Zhao. The source therefore extends Wei’s late weakness from land loss into strategic burden-shifting.
《资治通鉴·秦纪》111-2｜我与吕不韦的隔空对话 adds a drought-year follow-up to that late-Wei fragmentation. Even as Qin pressure remains the larger structural danger, Wei attacks 楚国, and 秦国 supports Wei with four armies. The episode uses this as evidence that the six states still spend force against one another after 末次合纵失败, while Qin retains the option to intervene selectively through 弱国相争强国得利.
《资治通鉴·秦纪》112-1｜姚贾是如何凭一张嘴破四国合纵？ adds Wei to the four-state coalition field targeted by 姚贾. The source gives little Wei-specific court detail, but it matters structurally: Wei is still named as part of a Zhao-Han-Wei-Chu anti-Qin plan even after repeated losses and burden-shifting. Yao Jia’s mission therefore extends Wei’s late role from weakened coalition participant into a court where Qin-backed persuasion and bribery can keep anti-Qin alignment from becoming operational.
《资治通鉴·秦纪》113｜李牧如何用一己之力阻秦国统一 gives Wei a compact land-concession notice. In 231 BCE, while Han offers Nanyang to 秦国, Wei offers Li Yi. The episode treats the concession as part of late-six-state exhaustion: Wei survives the notice, but it no longer appears as a state able to reverse Qin’s tempo or materially help 赵国 against the coming 229 BCE crisis.
《资治通鉴·秦纪》114-2｜燕国刺杀秦始皇为何会选荆轲 gives Wei a brief succession endpoint in this branch: 魏景湣王 dies and 魏王假 succeeds. The episode uses the notice mainly to underline that Wei can no longer provide timely rescue or coalition weight for Yan.
《资治通鉴·秦纪》117-1｜啪啪打脸！历史上“爽文”的开山鼻祖 gives Wei’s final endpoint in this Qinji sequence. 王贲 attacks 大梁 by diverting Yellow River water; after three months, 魏王假 surrenders and Wei is destroyed. The episode reads that ending against a long talent-governance arc: early Wei grew strong through worthy officials and military talent, while later Wei repeatedly lost or distrusted people it needed.
《资治通鉴·秦纪》120-1｜谁是皇帝中的妈宝男？ adds Wei to Qin’s post-unification self-defense explanation. In that source-scoped story, Wei appears as a state that pretended submission while still joining 韩国 and 赵国, so its destruction is retroactively folded into 兼并自卫叙事.
Connections
- 魏文侯 - ruler named in the episode title.
- Talent Attraction Through Respect / 礼贤下士式人才吸附, Small Trust Builds Large Trust / 小信诚则大信立, Symmetric Interstate Credibility / 对称外交信用, and Renhe Political Power / 人和政治力量 - Zhouji 05 explanation of Wei Wenhou’s early prestige.
- 子夏, 田子方, and 段干木 - worthy figures tied to Wei’s talent ecology.
- 李克, 魏成, 翟黄, Situational Character Tests / 五观识人法, and Talent Referral Quality / 荐才层级质量 - Zhouji 06 part 1 chancellor-selection branch.
- 智瑶, Partition of Jin / 三家分晋, and Three Jin Vassal Recognition / 三晋受封 - Zhouji 04 Jin-partition and formal-recognition branch.
- 吴起 and 《吴子》 - military branch.
- 战国时期 - period setting.
- Military Morale Through Shared Hardship / 同甘共苦式士气 - source concept tied to Wei’s military rise.
- 秦国 - early military opponent in episode 07.
- Natural Disaster Political Omen / 自然灾害政治征兆 and 王应麟 - Guo mountain omen branch.
- 魏武侯 - successor added by part 2.
- 田文, 公叔, Virtue Over Natural Barriers / 德胜地险, and Transition Fit Over Merit / 过渡期适任优先于功劳 - succession court-politics branch added by Zhouji 08.
- 楚国 and Warring States Reform Backlash / 战国变法反噬 - downstream consequence after Wu Qi leaves Wei.
- 赵国, Chronicle Source Gaps / 编年史料空缺, and Early Warring States Interstate War / 战国早期诸侯混战 - Zhouji 08 part 3 sparse Wei-Zhao war notice.
- Early Warring States Interstate War / 战国早期诸侯混战, 楚肃王, 中山国, 魏挚, and 晋静公 - Zhouji 09 war, frontier, and Jin-ending branch.
- 赵国, 赵成侯, 周烈王, and Territorial Control Churn / 城池反复易手 - Zhouji 10 conflict and settlement-scale branch.
- 公中缓, 魏罃 / 梁惠王, Succession Non-Designation Risk / 未定继承人风险, 楚国, and Chronicle Chronology Drift / 编年错位 - Zhouji 10 part 2 succession and conflict branch.
- 王绰, 公孙齐, 浊泽之战, 安邑, Succession-Crisis Intervention / 继承危机外部干预, and Coalition Settlement Failure / 联军战后安排失败 - Zhouji 10 part 3 intervention and survival branch.
- 齐国, 秦国, 韩国, 赵国, 宋国, 少梁, 公孙措 / 公叔痤, Qin Eastward Pressure / 秦国东进压力, Early Warring States Interstate War / 战国早期诸侯混战, and Territorial Control Churn / 城池反复易手 - Zhouji 11 post-succession pressure branch.
- 魏惠王 / 梁惠王, 公叔痤, 公孙鞅 / 商鞅, 荐才层级质量, and 私人进身通道 - Zhouji 12 missed-recognition and exported-talent branch.
- 龙甲, 韩昭侯, Wei Great Wall Anti-Qin Defense / 魏长城防秦, and Qin Eastward Pressure / 秦国东进压力 - Zhouji 14 defensive and meeting branch.
- 齐威王, 檀子, 秦孝公, 少梁, 邯郸, 以贤臣为宝, and 鲁酒薄而邯郸围 - Zhouji 15 treasure contrast, Qin-Wei clash, and Handan siege setup.
- 庞涓, 孙膑, 大梁, 邯郸, 桂陵之战, and Encircling Wei to Rescue Zhao / 围魏救赵 - Zhouji 16 betrayal and rescue-Zhao campaign branch.
- 公孙鞅 / 商鞅, 安邑, 固阳, 襄陵, 漳水之盟, and 景舍 - Zhouji 17 Qin pressure and reconciliation branch.
- 马陵之战, 韩国, 太子申, Crown-Prince Command Risk / 太子挂帅风险, Forced-March Operational Risk / 急行军作战风险, and Decreasing Stoves Deception / 减灶诱敌 - Zhouji 19-20 attack-Han, Maling setup, and defeat branch.
- 公子卬 / 公子昂, Qin Eastward Pressure / 秦国东进压力, 耕战逻辑, 和谈诱捕, 战术信用成本, 公叔痤, and 公孙鞅 / 商鞅 - Zhouji 22-23 post-Maling western-front vulnerability, cession, and refuge refusal.
- 惠施, 齐威王, 徐州相王, and 低姿态权宜 - Zhouji 27 post-Maling title diplomacy.
- 楚威王, 张丑, and 名分秩序反弹 - Zhouji 28 backlash that falls mainly on Qi while Wei watches.
- 魏成侯 and 魏平侯 - Zhouji 29 succession notice.
- 龙甲, 秦国, 苏秦, and 合纵 - Zhouji 31 Qin attack and coalition-timing pressure.
- 战国军事形态转变 - Zhouji 32 military organization inference from Su Qin’s Wei speech.
- 焦邑, 曲沃, 张仪, and 欲擒故纵式让利外交 - Zhouji 35 returned-land pressure and reassurance branch.
- 卫国, 卫嗣君, 治无小乱无大, 武夏, and 《战国策》 - Zhouji 36 Wey prisoner and envoy branch.
- 陕城, 犀首公孙衍, 张仪, 啮桑, and 合纵 - Zhouji 37 attack, rival strategists, and anti-Qin organizing branch.
- 平州, 秦武王, 齐湣王, 阴谋阳谋转换, and 乱世职业经理人式流动 - Zhouji 38 Qin attack, triggered Qi-Wei conflict, and mobile strategist frame.
- 惠施 / 惠师, 陈枕, 左爽, 恩赏负债式忠诚压力, and 因事立道式政治转身 - Zhouji 39 internal court struggle and blocked mobility branch.
- 谬刘 and 双首长权力风险 - Zhouji 44 retrospective warning about paired chief ministers.
- 魏襄王, 魏惠王 / 梁惠王, 函谷关, 联盟自保失灵, and 宋康王 / 宋君偃 - Zhouji 45 succession, anti-Qin coalition, and Song-destruction branch.
- 樗里子, 修鱼之战, 浊泽, 韩国, and 秦国东进压力 - Zhouji 46 Qin pursuit and central-plains pressure branch.
- 蓝田之战, 楚怀王, 楚国, and 韩国 - Zhouji 51 opportunistic rear pressure during Chu’s Qin campaign.
- 魏襄王, 齐宣王, 以自保包装国策, and 阴谋阳谋转换 - Zhouji 55 final Zhang Yi refuge and Qi withdrawal branch.
- 蒲阪, 阳晋, 封陵, 魏襄王, 韩婴, 临晋, 芈横, and 战国同盟转向 - Zhouji 60 crossing-point losses, anti-Chu coalition, and Qin-Wei repair branch.
- 白起, 司马错, 安邑, 齐湣王, 宋国, and 抱薪救火式割地求和 - Zhouji 68 part 1 post-cession Qin attack and old-capital loss.
- 安城, 大梁, 秦昭襄王, 燕国, 赵国, and 联军战后利益失衡 - Zhouji 73 Qin attack and rescue pressure after the anti-Qi settlement.
- 魏安釐王, 信陵君, 白起, 魏冉, 芒卯, and 战略纵深防御 - Zhouji 82 accession humiliation and Qin’s turn from Chu toward Wei.
- 华阳之战, 韩国, 赵国, 段干子, 苏代, and 抱薪救火式割地求和 - Zhouji 83 failed attack on Han and post-defeat cession debate.
- 魏景湣王 / 魏增, 魏王假, 燕太子丹, and 合纵 - Qinji 114-2 succession notice and failed slow-coalition background.
- Qinji 117-1, 王贲, 大梁, 水攻围城, 魏豹, 魏咎, and 礼贤下士式人才吸附 - Wei’s final flooding siege and talent-decline frame.
- 黄歇 / 春申君, 白起, 战略纵深防御, and 利益重构式说服 - Zhouji 84 Wei as Qin corridor risk and potential beneficiary of Qin-Chu war.
- 范雎, 须贾 / 徐谷, 魏齐, 郑安平, 王稽 / 王继, and 无程序私刑 - Zhouji 88 lost-talent and accusation-violence branch.
- 远交近攻, 大梁, 平原君, and 以国力行私仇 - Zhouji 90 peace mission, Wei Qi demand, and externalized revenge pressure.
- 韩国, 苏代, 白起, 范雎, 赵国, and 位阶焦虑式说服 - Zhouji 95 fear that Zhao’s destruction would expose Wei and Han.
- 魏安釐王, 孔斌, 白起, 秦国, and 联盟自保失灵 - Zhouji 95 part 2 neighbor-opportunism warning during Qin’s attack on Zhao.
- 平原君, 毛遂, 齐国, 楚国, and 邯郸 - Zhouji 96 unreliable nearby rescue option during Zhao’s Handan crisis.
- 魏安釐王, 晋鄙, 邺城, 新垣衍, 联盟救援借道依赖, and 尊号式投降方案 - Zhouji 96 part 2 halted rescue and western-emperor proposal.
- 信陵君, 侯嬴, 朱亥, 窃符救赵, and 成事的道德代价 - Zhouji 97 part 1 Wei army finally relieving Handan through irregular command seizure.
- 秦国, 魏安釐王, 卫国, 卫怀君, 卫元君, 准天子式秦霸权, and 弱者向更弱者转嫁压迫 - Qinji 100-1 punished lateness before Qin and downward coercion against Wey.
- 信陵君, 大梁, 赵国, 廉颇, and Qinji 104 - Qin attack near Wei’s capital, Zhao’s opportunistic Fanyang move, and unused exile talent.
- 魏景湣王 / 魏增, 信陵君非正常死亡疑云, 东郡, and Qinji 106 - death/succession cluster and Qin’s next territorial consolidation.
- 末次合纵失败, 庞煖, 黄歇 / 春申君, and Qinji 107 - Wei’s presence in both final-coalition traditions and continued loss afterward.
- 邺城, 赵国, 冯亭, 上党, and 无故之利 / 利令智昏 - Qinji 111-1 rereading of Wei’s Ye transfer as crisis redirection.
- Qinji 111-2, 楚国, 秦国, and 弱国相争强国得利 - drought-year Wei attack on Chu and Qin support for Wei.
- 姚贾, 韩国, 赵国, 楚国, 合纵, and 利益瓦解合纵 - Qinji 112-1 Wei as one target in the four-state coalition disruption.
- Qinji 120-1, 魏王假, 韩国, 赵国, and 兼并自卫叙事 - Qin’s retrospective story that Wei feigned submission and joined rival states.