五斗米道 / Wudoumi Dao

Overview

五斗米道 / Wudoumi Dao is the late-Han religious movement the wiki now tracks through three related uses: Zhang Xiu’s Ba-region healing/revolt branch, 张鲁’s role in Liu Yan’s Hanzhong route politics, and Zhang Lu’s later Hanzhong religious-administrative order. Its significance is not only doctrine, but the capacity of religious practice to organize people, food, offices, trust, and local rule.

Current Profile

Hanji 929 backfills an early Five-Pecks-style branch through 张修 in 巴郡. Zhang Xiu’s healing practice resembles 张角’s religious mobilization, asks patients’ families for five pecks of rice, and then turns into an autumn revolt whose followers are called “rice rebels.”

Hanji 959 links Wudoumi Dao to Liu Yan’s Hanzhong strategy through Zhang Lu’s family tradition and his mother’s access to 刘焉. Hanji 995 then uses Wudoumi Dao as a comparator for late-Han religion as organization, while Hanji 1055 adds the most detailed governance layer: Zhang Lu uses confession, prayer, healing claims, local “jijiu” officers, lenient punishment sequencing, and reception of refugees to stabilize Hanzhong under nominal court accommodation.

Key Characteristics

• Combines healing claims, ritual confession, and rice contribution into organized religious practice.
• Can become a revolt label when followers mobilize against late-Han authority.
• Serves Liu Yan’s Hanzhong pass-control strategy through Zhang Lu’s appointment.
• Becomes a local administrative structure in Zhang Lu’s Hanzhong regime.
• Functions as a bounded comparator for religious organization without being equated with every violent religious-political case.

Evidence

• Healing and revolt branch: Hanji 929 describes Zhang Xiu’s five-pecks healing practice and the later “rice rebels” label.
• Hanzhong route politics: Hanji 959 links Zhang Lu’s Wudoumi Dao background to Liu Yan’s attack on Hanzhong and blocked court communications.
• Religious organization comparator: Hanji 995 places Wudoumi Dao beside Taiping Dao as an example of religion organizing people in late-Han disorder.
• Hanzhong governance: Hanji 1055 adds confession, prayer, three-pardon discipline, “jijiu” officers, local adherence, and Zhang Lu’s nominal court titles.

Qualifications

The movement should not be flattened into a single moral category. Hanji 929 gives a revolt branch, Hanji 959 gives route-control utility, Hanji 995 gives a comparator for religious mobilization, and Hanji 1055 gives administrative stability under Zhang Lu. The page records reported healing practices as belief-practice and social organization, not as verified cures.

What Changed

• Migrated the page to synthesis-v1 and preserved the Hanji 929, Hanji 959, and Hanji 995 layers.
• Added Hanji 1055’s confession-prayer practice, “jijiu” offices, punishment sequencing, Hanzhong administration, and local acceptance.

Relationships

• 张鲁 - principal Hanzhong ruler associated with Wudoumi Dao in the wiki.
• 张修 - earlier Five-Pecks-style actor in Ba Commandery.
• 张角 - Taiping Dao comparator for religious healing and mobilization.
• 太平道 - adjacent late-Han religious movement used for comparison.
• 汉中 - territory where Zhang Lu turns the movement into administration.
• 刘焉 - provincial ruler who uses Zhang Lu in the Hanzhong separation strategy.
• 工具化宗教权力 - concept covering religion as political and social infrastructure.
• 救济型宗教动员 - related pattern where care and cure claims generate collective trust before political mobilization.