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entity Updated 2026-08-22

项梁 / Xiang Liang

项梁 / Xiang Liang enters the wiki through Qinji 128-6 as one of the new anti-秦国 uprising leaders named after 陈胜 and 吴广 break the first opening. The source lists his Wu County uprising alongside 刘邦 in 沛县 and 田儋 in Qi.

The episode does not yet narrate Xiang Liang’s campaign in detail. His function here is transitional: the anti-Qin movement is no longer only 张楚政权, and the later 项羽 line is entering the field that will eventually compete with Liu Bang.

Qinji 128-7 supplies the detailed entry. Xiang Liang is identified as 项燕’s son and Xiang Yu’s uncle, living in the old Wu region after a killing case. When 殷通, the governor of 会稽郡, asks him to help raise troops against Qin, Xiang Liang refuses the subordinate route and stages a takeover.

The coup depends on planning as much as Xiang Yu’s force. Xiang Liang says only Xiang Yu knows 桓楚’s hiding place, uses that as a pretext to bring Xiang Yu armed into the meeting, signals him to kill Yin Tong, and then takes the governor’s seal. After Xiang Yu suppresses resistance, Xiang Liang tells commandery officials that the killing was for an anti-Qin uprising and gathers nearly eight thousand troops. The source therefore makes him the strategist of 会稽郡守府夺权.

Qinji 130-1 moves Xiang Liang from regional seizure into westward anti-Qin mobilization. 昭平 falsely claims that 陈胜 has appointed Xiang Liang as Chu upper pillar of state, then urges him to use the pacified Jiangdong / 会稽郡 force against Qin. Xiang Liang accepts the title and crosses the Yangtze with 项羽 and eight thousand men.

Qinji 130-2 turns that crossing into consolidation. 陈英 / 陈婴, 英布 / 黥布, and other Chu-side forces attach to him, bringing his camp at Xiapi to roughly sixty or seventy thousand. Xiang Liang then attacks 秦嘉 and 景居 / 景驹 by arguing that Qin Jia betrayed the first rebel king, Chen Sheng, when he installed Jing Ju; the episode treats this as a 道德化战争借口 that makes rebel-on-rebel war easier to justify. After Qin Jia dies and his army surrenders, Xiang Liang absorbs the force, but 章邯’s pressure soon kills 余樊君, defeats 朱鸡石 / 朱吉石, and leads Xiang Liang to execute Zhu Jishi at Xue.

Qinji 130-3 makes Xiang Liang’s consolidation explicitly symbolic. After Chen Sheng’s death is confirmed, 范增 persuades him that the anti-Qin cause needs a restored Chu royal descendant. Xiang Liang finds 芈心, installs him as Chu Huai Wang, and calls himself Wu Xin Jun, turning old-Chu grievance into 复国王室名义合法性 while leaving himself as the effective organizer.

The same episode shows both the reach and limit of Xiang Liang’s coalition command. He accepts 张良’s proposal to install 韩成 as Han king, rescues 田荣 from Zhang Han at Dong’e, and sends 项羽 plus 刘邦 to attack Chengyang. But when he asks Qi and Zhao to join against Zhang Han, Tian Rong’s demand that Chu and Zhao kill Qi refugees blocks coordination, so Xiang Liang’s Chu-centered legitimacy cannot command all restored states.

Qinji 131-1 only adds a next-story hook after Li Si’s execution. The source says former Chu lingyin 宋义 joins Xiang Liang’s camp as the narrative turns back from 赵高’s Qin court to the anti-Qin field.

Qinji 132 completes Xiang Liang’s arc. After victories at Dong’e and Dingtao, he grows contemptuous of Qin forces. Song Yi warns that victory can produce commander arrogance and soldier slackness, but Xiang Liang ignores him and sends him to Qi.

胡亥 / 秦二世 then reinforces 章邯, who night-attacks the Chu camp at 定陶 and kills Xiang Liang. The episode uses his death as both a military reversal and a political opening: 芈心 / 楚怀王 can stop being only Xiang Liang’s figurehead and begin reorganizing the Chu armies from 彭城.

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