张俭 / Zhang Jian (late Han)

Overview

Zhang Jian is the late-Han party-prohibition fugitive whose flight in 169 CE creates the Kong-family shelter case and the later 望门投止 memory.

Current Profile

The current evidence presents Zhang Jian as both a persecuted survivor and the source of a severe collateral dilemma. His flight to 孔褒’s household is understandable as a bid for life under political danger, but it exposes 孔融, Kong Bao, and 孔融母 to lethal punishment. Later return, office acceptance, and withdrawal before 曹操 give him a long survival arc, but the page keeps Xia Fu’s criticism attached to that arc rather than converting him into a simple martyr.

Key Characteristics

• Party-prohibition fugitive whose danger in 169 CE triggers a shelter-and-liability chain.
• Friend-network user whose reliance on Kong Bao’s household endangers the people who receive him.
• Source of the 望门投止 idiom, where desperate lodging-seeking preserves survival but signals social cost.
• Later survivor who returns after party prohibitions loosen and briefly accepts a Weiwei appointment.
• Withdrawn elder official who distances himself after reading Cao Cao’s ambition.

Evidence

• Flight and shelter chain: Hanji 895 says Zhang Jian flees to Kong Bao, is hidden by sixteen-year-old Kong Rong, and escapes after the matter is exposed.
• Collateral cost: Hanji 895 preserves Xia Fu’s criticism that Zhang Jian’s individual escape spreads disaster to many households.
• Later life: Hanji 895 records Zhang Jian’s return after party prohibitions loosen, Jian’an-era Weiwei appointment, withdrawal after seeing Cao Cao’s ambition, and death at 许都 at eighty-four.

Qualifications

This page is source-scoped. Hanji 895 does not fully explain the original accusation against Zhang Jian, the complete geography of his flight, or the documentary basis for his later service. The raw note renders the name as 张简; this page normalizes the historical late-Han figure as 张俭.

What Changed

• Initial page created from Hanji 895’s party-prohibition fugitive and later withdrawal account.

Relationships

• 孔褒 - friend whose household becomes Zhang Jian’s refuge and then punishment target.
• 孔融 - young host who decides to shelter Zhang Jian and later claims responsibility.
• 孔融母 - household elder who also attempts to take responsibility for the sheltering act.
• 夏馥 - critic who names the collateral cost of Zhang Jian’s flight.
• 杜根 - comparison case for hiding without implicating friends.
• 收留逃亡者的牵连风险 - concept grounded by Zhang Jian’s flight and host exposure.
• 望门投止 - idiom attached to Zhang Jian’s desperate lodging-seeking.